China's first "Indoor Air Testing Standards" (GB/T18883-2002) was officially implemented on March 1, 2003. Promoting and implementing the "Indoor Environmental Testing Standards" is of great significance for continuously improving people's indoor environmental awareness and promoting industries and enterprises related to the indoor environment to regulate their behaviors from the indoor environment and to protect people's health.
1. The purpose and significance of the standard
Indoor air pollution not only destroys people's work and living environment, but also directly threatens people's health. This is mainly because people spend about 80% of their time indoors every day. The air they breathe mainly comes from indoors. The opportunities and time of contact with indoor pollutants are more than outdoor. The sources and types of indoor pollutants are increasing. The indoor air pollution level is even more important in outdoor air pollution. In order to save energy, the degree of modern building airtightness increases. Due to imperfect central air conditioning ventilation facilities, indoor pollutants cannot be discharged outside in time, resulting in Deterioration of indoor air quality. This series of issues has already attracted the attention of the Party Central Committee, the State Council and relevant departments.
In recent years, the relevant state departments have formulated some indoor environmental quality standards, such as the “Household Intrinsic Concentration Control Standards” (GB/T16146-1995) and the “Sanitary Standards for Formaldehyde in the Living Room Air” (GB) /T17094-1997), "Sanitary Standards for Indoor Air Carbon Dioxide" (GB/T17097-1997) and other 26 individual standards related to indoor air quality. However, China lacks systematic standards for indoor air quality in residential and office buildings. In order to control indoor air pollution and improve indoor air quality in China, based on foreign relevant indicators and standards, combined with China's actual conditions, reference to domestic The existing standards establish the Indoor Air Quality Standards.
2. Characteristics of "Indoor Air Quality Standards"
(1) International. The concept of indoor air quality was introduced in the standard and was established on the basis of reference to relevant foreign standards.
(2) Comprehensive. The indoor environmental pollution control index is wider, and the control items specified in the standard are not only chemical pollution, but also physical, biological and radioactive pollution. Among the chemical pollutants, there are not only familiar pollutants such as formaldehyde, benzene, ammonia, hydrazine, TVOCs, but also 13 chemical pollutants such as inhalable particulate matter, carbon dioxide and sulfur dioxide.
(3) Targeted. The standards are closely related to China's actual situation, that is, taking into account the new air volume, temperature, humidity, and pollutants such as formaldehyde and benzene in developed areas and urban buildings, it also develops the use of raw coal for heating and cooking in some underdeveloped areas. Indoor carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide and nitrogen dioxide pollution.
(4) Forward-looking. The standard incorporates the requirement that “indoor air should be elemental, harmless, and odor-free” to make the standard more applicable.
(5) Authoritative. The release and implementation of standards provide a powerful weapon for consumers to solve their own pollution problems.
(6) Integrity. "Indoor Air Quality Standards", "Code for Indoor Environmental Pollution Control of Civil Buildings" and 10 "Limits for Hazardous Substances in Interior Decoration Materials" and other standards together constitute a relatively complete indoor environmental pollution control and evaluation system for the protection of consumers' health. Improving the indoor environment is of great significance.
